How to Theorize about a Priori Knowledge: a Case Study

There are four distinct approaches to analyzing the concept of a priori knowledge. The four approaches can be distinguished by posing two questions: 1. What is the primary target of the analysis? 2. Does the analysis of the primary target presuppose some general theory of knowledge or justification? There are two primary targets of analysis. A reductive approach analyzes the concept of a priori knowledge in terms of the concept of a priori justification: S knows a priori that p just in case S’s belief that p is justified a priori and the other conditions on knowledge are satisfied. The primary target of analysis is the concept of a priori justification. A nonreductive approach offers an 2